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Major General Robert H. Scales, Jr., USA (Ret)

MG Robert H. Scales, Jr., USA (Ret) was appointed
President and CEO of Walden University in 2000. In
December 2002 he was appointed President of

Capstar Government Services (CGS), a wholly
owned subsidiary of Educational Testing Services.
He is currently an independent consultant for defense
matters. Prior to joining the private sector Dr. Scales
served over thirty years in the Army, retiring as a
Major General. He commanded two units in
Vietnam, winning the Silver Star for action during

the battles around Dong Ap Bia (Hamburger Hill)
during the summer of 1969.

Subsequently, he served in command and staff positions in the United States, Germany, and
Korea and ended his military career as Commandant of the United States Army War College. In
1995 he created the Army After Next program which was the Army’s first attempt to build a
strategic game and operational concept for future land warfare. He is the author of Certain
Victory, the official account of the Army in the Gulf War, and Firepower in Limited War, a
history of the evolution of firepower doctrine since the end of the Korean War. He was the only
serving officer to have written books subsequently selected for inclusion in the official reading
lists of two services; Certain Victory for the Army and Firepower for the Marine Corps. In
addition he has written Future Warfare, a strategic anthology on America’s wars to come, and
Yellow Smoke: The Future of Land Warfare for America’s Military. His latest work, The Iraq
War: A Military History, written with Williamson Murray was published by Harvard University
Press in October 2003. He is military analyst for Natio nal Public Radio and Fox News Network
and is a frequent commentator and consultant for other major media networks on issues relating
to military history and defense policy. He is a graduate of West Point and earned his PhD in
history from Duke University.

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